View source for Toledo, Ohio

==Toledo, Ohio==

'''Toledo''' is a city located in northwestern Ohio, United States, serving as the county seat of Lucas County. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 270,871, making it the fourth-most populous city in Ohio.<ref name="census2020" /> Toledo is situated along the western shore of Lake Erie and the mouth of the Maumee River, about 60 miles south of Detroit, Michigan.

===History===

Founded in 1833, Toledo's early growth was closely tied to its position as a transportation hub. The completion of the Miami and Erie Canal in 1845 connected Toledo to Cincinnati, stimulating economic development. The city became a major rail center in the latter half of the 19th century, further boosting its economy.<ref name="historytoledo" />

Toledo earned the nickname "Glass City" due to its long history of glass manufacturing, which began in the 1880s with Edward Drummond Libbey's relocation of his New England Glass Company. The glass industry, along with the automotive sector, became pillars of Toledo's economy throughout the 20th century.

===Economy===

While Toledo's economy has diversified in recent decades, manufacturing remains a significant sector. The city is home to the Jeep headquarters and has two production facilities. Healthcare has also become a major employer, with ProMedica Health System being one of the largest employers in the region.

Toledo's port, connecting Lake Erie to the Gulf of Mexico via the St. Lawrence Seaway, is an important component of the city's economy. It ranks as one of the largest ports on the Great Lakes.<ref name="toledoport" />

===Culture and Education===

Toledo boasts a rich cultural scene, anchored by institutions such as the Toledo Museum of Art, known for its extensive glass collection.<ref name="toledoart" /> The Toledo Zoo, founded in 1900, is consistently ranked among the best zoos in the United States.<ref name="toledozoo" />

Higher education is represented by the University of Toledo, a public research university founded in 1872.<ref name="universityoftoledo" /> The city is also home to several other colleges and universities, including Mercy College of Ohio and Davis College.

===Notable features===

The Toledo Metroparks system encompasses over 12,000 acres of natural space, including the popular Oak Openings Preserve.<ref name="metroparks" /> Fifth Third Field, home to the Toledo Mud Hens minor league baseball team, is a centerpiece of the city's downtown entertainment district.<ref name="mudhens" />

The Veterans' Glass City Skyway, a cable-stayed bridge completed in 2007, has become an iconic part of Toledo's skyline.<ref name="skyway" />

===Challenges and Revitalization===

Like many Rust Belt cities, Toledo has faced economic challenges due to deindustrialization. However, the city has been working on revitalization efforts, particularly in its downtown area. These include the development of the Marina District along the Maumee River and the renovation of historic buildings.

Environmental concerns, particularly related to water quality in Lake Erie, have also been a focus for the city. In 2014, Toledo made national news when residents were advised not to use tap water for several days due to an algal bloom in Lake Erie.<ref name="watercrisis" />

Despite these challenges, Toledo continues to leverage its strategic location, skilled workforce, and cultural assets as it adapts to the changing economic landscape of the 21st century.

===Geography===

====Location====
Toledo is located at coordinates 41°39′56″N 83°34′31″W. The city has a total area of 83.83 square miles (217.12 km²), of which 80.49 square miles (208.46 km²) is land and 3.34 square miles (8.66 km²) is water.

====Climate====
Toledo experiences a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification Dfa), characterized by four distinct seasons. Summers are typically warm to hot and humid, while winters are cold and snowy. Spring and fall are generally mild, but conditions are widely varied, depending on wind direction and jet stream positioning.

===Demographics===

According to the 2020 census, the racial makeup of the city was:<ref name="census2020" />
* 60.6% White
* 28.1% African American
* 0.3% Native American
* 1.3% Asian
* 6.7% from two or more races
* 8.8% Hispanic or Latino of any race

The median household income in Toledo was $41,671, and 24.5% of the population was living in poverty.

===Transportation===

====Highways====
Several major highways serve Toledo:
* Interstate 75 (I-75)
* Interstate 280 (I-280)
* Interstate 475 (I-475)
* Ohio Turnpike (I-80/I-90)

====Airports====
Toledo Express Airport is the city's primary airport, located approximately 20 miles west of downtown. Toledo Executive Airport (formerly Metcalf Field) serves general aviation needs.

====Public Transportation====
The Toledo Area Regional Transit Authority (TARTA) provides public bus transportation throughout the metropolitan area.

===Sports===

Toledo is home to several professional and semi-professional sports teams:
* Toledo Mud Hens (Minor League Baseball, Triple-A affiliate of the Detroit Tigers)
* Toledo Walleye (ECHL ice hockey)

The city has also hosted several major sporting events, including:
* 1987 NCAA Men's Basketball Tournament regional semifinal and final
* 2021 Solheim Cup (women's professional golf)

===Sister Cities===

Toledo maintains sister city relationships with several international cities, including:
* Toledo, Spain
* Qinhuangdao, China
* Szeged, Hungary
* Toyohashi, Japan
* Coimbatore, India

===Notable People===
* Jamie Farr - Actor, best known for his role as Corporal Maxwell Klinger on the TV series M*A*S*H
* Katie Holmes - Actress
* Art Tatum - Jazz pianist
* Gloria Steinem - Feminist activist and writer
* Danny Thomas - Actor and founder of St. Jude Children's Research Hospital

===In Popular Culture===
* Toledo is the setting for the sitcom "M*A*S*H" character Maxwell Klinger's hometown
* The city is mentioned in John Denver's song "Saturday Night in Toledo, Ohio"
* Toledo serves as the setting for the 2018 sitcom "A.P. Bio"

==References==
{{reflist}}
==References==
{{reflist|refs=
<ref name="census2020">{{cite web |title=QuickFacts: Toledo city, Ohio |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/toledocityohio/PST045221 |website=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=2023-07-15}}</ref>
<ref name="historytoledo">{{cite web |title=Toledo: Economy |url=https://www.city-data.com/us-cities/The-Midwest/Toledo-Economy.html |website=City-Data.com |access-date=2023-07-15}}</ref>
<ref name="toledoport">{{cite web |title=Port of Toledo |url=https://www.toledoport.org/ |website=Toledo-Lucas County Port Authority |access-date=2023-07-15}}</ref>
<ref name="toledoart">{{cite web |title=About TMA |url=https://www.toledomuseum.org/about |website=Toledo Museum of Art |access-date=2023-07-15}}</ref>
<ref name="toledozoo">{{cite web |title=About The Toledo Zoo |url=https://www.toledozoo.org/about |website=Toledo Zoo |access-date=2023-07-15}}</ref>
<ref name="universityoftoledo">{{cite web |title=About The University of Toledo |url=https://www.utoledo.edu/about/ |website=University of Toledo |access-date=2023-07-15}}</ref>
<ref name="metroparks">{{cite web |title=About Metroparks |url=https://metroparkstoledo.com/about-us/ |website=Metroparks Toledo |access-date=2023-07-15}}</ref>
<ref name="mudhens">{{cite web |title=Fifth Third Field |url=https://www.milb.com/toledo/ballpark |website=Minor League Baseball |access-date=2023-07-15}}</ref>
<ref name="skyway">{{cite web |title=Veterans' Glass City Skyway |url=https://www.dot.state.oh.us/projects/glasscityskyway/Pages/default.aspx |website=Ohio Department of Transportation |access-date=2023-07-15}}</ref>
<ref name="watercrisis">{{cite news |title=Toledo's Water Crisis: The Lake Erie Algae Bloom That Poisoned a City |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/toledo-s-water-crisis-lake-erie-algae-bloom-poisoned-city-n172686 |work=NBC News |date=2014-08-05 |access-date=2023-07-15}}</ref>
}}